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Shut up about Barclay Perkins - World hop production 1896 - 1909
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The table craziness continues. I'm not sure why, but I seem to be regaling you with table after table currently. Blame my mania for collecting statistics. And Stan Hieronymous. He pointed me in the direction of this set.
In the period covered by this table, world hop production was dominated by four regions: the German Empire, Bohemia, the UK and America (not sure if it's just the USA of if Canada is also included). As the second table makes more clear, between 80% and 90% of the world's hops were produced in these regions. ANd in the German Empire, more than 50% of the hops were grown in Bavaria.
I'm going to have to dig out my Brauwelt Breviers and Statistical Handbooks because I'm sure they have recent figures on hop production. I'm pretty sure that the overall picture is similar but for one thing: the UK's share. While Bohemia, Bavaria and the USA remain major players in hop growing, the British industry has seen a steep decline in the last couple of decades. I really should dig out the numbers to show just how catastrophic a collapse there's been.
World hop production 1896 - 1909 |
Country |
Area of production (hectares) |
Estimated production (thousands of 50 kg) |
|
1908 |
1909 |
1896 |
1897 |
1898 |
1899 |
1900 |
1901 |
1902 |
1903 |
1904 |
1905 |
1906 |
1907 |
1908 |
1909 |
Bavaria |
22,952 |
18,634 |
275 |
208 |
262 |
298 |
225 |
110 |
272 |
260 |
239 |
325 |
250 |
263 |
307 |
86 |
Württemberg |
4,967 |
3,783 |
73 |
67 |
69 |
107 |
78 |
54 |
68 |
66 |
70 |
87 |
52 |
61 |
68 |
12 |
Baden |
1,664 |
1,308 |
48 |
34 |
30 |
48 |
29 |
25 |
35 |
28 |
35 |
38 |
31 |
29 |
35 |
2 |
Alsace-Lorraine |
4,564 |
4,131 |
85 |
75 |
63 |
83 |
77 |
55 |
65 |
70 |
79 |
125 |
72 |
95 |
104 |
12 |
Prussia and the rest of Germany |
1,684 |
1,108 |
29 |
29 |
12 |
45 |
24 |
25 |
26 |
25 |
19 |
32 |
17 |
22 |
22 |
7 |
German Empire |
35,831 |
28,964 |
510 |
473 |
436 |
581 |
433 |
269 |
466 |
449 |
442 |
607 |
422 |
470 |
536 |
119 |
France |
3,030 |
2,800 |
63 |
72 |
61 |
79 |
72 |
64 |
50 |
57 |
51 |
71 |
75 |
79 |
80 |
27 |
Bohemia |
17,280 |
15,420 |
185 |
117 |
150 |
195 |
155 |
282 |
133 |
65 |
128 |
293 |
103 |
236 |
284 |
104 |
Oberösterreich |
849 |
849 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
4 |
Styria |
4,395 |
3,252 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25 |
22 |
Galicia |
2,585 |
2,548 |
45 |
45 |
36 |
59 |
58 |
64 |
51 |
48 |
52 |
68 |
71 |
82 |
18 |
14 |
Moravia, Karinthia |
607 |
512 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
5 |
Hungary, Transylvania |
1,154 |
1,154 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
15 |
Belgium and Holland |
2,341 |
1,922 |
88 |
70 |
25 |
103 |
52 |
80 |
65 |
83 |
103 |
107 |
45 |
55 |
78 |
29 |
Russia and other districts |
10,160 |
8,412 |
128 |
120 |
64 |
80 |
80 |
80 |
60 |
60 |
40 |
100 |
55 |
80 |
75 |
60 |
Continental Europe |
78,232 |
65,833 |
1019 |
897 |
772 |
1097 |
850 |
839 |
825 |
712 |
816 |
1246 |
771 |
1002 |
1128 |
399 |
UK |
15,762 |
13,179 |
453 |
417 |
302 |
661 |
353 |
640 |
311 |
480 |
290 |
707 |
249 |
380 |
475 |
205 |
Europe |
93,994 |
79,012 |
1472 |
1314 |
1134 |
1758 |
1203 |
1479 |
1136 |
1142 |
1106 |
1053 |
1020 |
1382 |
1603 |
604 |
America |
20,251 |
17,659 |
309 |
344 |
339 |
380 |
329 |
332 |
360 |
402 |
435 |
504 |
571 |
520 |
410 |
310 |
Australia |
861 |
750 |
14 |
15 |
13 |
15 |
16 |
15 |
15 |
14 |
14 |
15 |
15 |
14 |
14 |
10 |
World |
115,106 |
97,421 |
1795 |
1673 |
1486 |
2153 |
1548 |
1826 |
1511 |
1558 |
1555 |
2472 |
1606 |
1916 |
2027 |
924 |
Source: |
Barth Report 1910 |
http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/images/pdfs/Lupulo%201909-1910.pdf |
World hop production 1896 - 1909 in % share |
|
1896 |
1897 |
1898 |
1899 |
1900 |
1901 |
1902 |
1903 |
1904 |
1905 |
1906 |
1907 |
1908 |
1909 |
Bavaria |
15.32% |
12.43% |
17.63% |
13.84% |
14.53% |
6.02% |
18.00% |
16.69% |
15.37% |
13.15% |
15.57% |
13.73% |
15.15% |
9.31% |
German Empire |
28.41% |
28.27% |
29.34% |
26.99% |
27.97% |
14.73% |
30.84% |
28.82% |
28.42% |
24.56% |
26.28% |
24.53% |
26.44% |
12.88% |
Bohemia |
10.31% |
6.99% |
10.09% |
9.06% |
10.01% |
15.44% |
8.80% |
4.17% |
8.23% |
11.85% |
6.41% |
12.32% |
14.01% |
11.26% |
UK |
25.24% |
24.93% |
20.32% |
30.70% |
22.80% |
35.05% |
20.58% |
30.81% |
18.65% |
28.60% |
15.50% |
19.83% |
23.43% |
22.19% |
America |
17.21% |
20.56% |
22.81% |
17.65% |
21.25% |
18.18% |
23.83% |
25.80% |
27.97% |
20.39% |
35.55% |
27.14% |
20.23% |
33.55% |
total |
81.17% |
80.75% |
82.57% |
84.39% |
82.04% |
83.41% |
84.05% |
89.60% |
83.28% |
85.40% |
83.75% |
83.82% |
84.11% |
79.87% |
Source: |
Barth Report 1910 |
http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/images/pdfs/Lupulo%201909-1910.pdf |
The numbers also show the volataility in hop production, with large differences from year to year. In the best year in this set, 1905, output was almost 2.5 times that of the worst year, 1909. You have to suspect something climatic, as the poor harvest seems to only apply to Europe in that year.
Hang on, I do have the 1953 numbers to hand. Let's compare 1908 and 1953. Should be fun. (I'm using 1908 because 1909 was a particularly poor year in Europe.)
Hop production 1909 - 1953 (kg) |
Country |
1908 |
% |
1953 |
% |
USA |
20,500,000 |
20.23% |
18,938,426 |
31.52% |
United Kingdom |
23,750,000 |
23.43% |
13,513,440 |
22.49% |
Czechoslovakia |
14,200,000 |
14.01% |
4,999,973 |
8.32% |
Germany |
26,800,000 |
26.44% |
14,250,075 |
23.72% |
France |
4,000,000 |
3.95% |
2,449,844 |
4.08% |
Belgium |
3,900,000 |
3.85% |
974,339 |
1.62% |
Australia |
700,000 |
0.69% |
1,422,467 |
2.37% |
World Total |
101,350,000 |
|
60,081,618 |
|
Sources: |
Barth Report 1910 |
1955 Brewers' Almanack, page 65. |
You can see that hop production fell everywhere except Australia. The UK's share of world production stayed much the same, at around 23%. Germany's share fell a little and the USA's increased a little. But the four largest producers are exactly the same as in 1908. Why had hop production fallen? Because demand for hops had, particluarly in the UK. The drop in beer gravity and the move to less hoppy beer caused a huge fall in the quantity of hops required. It must have had a big impact on the world market, as the UK had been using a considerable proportion of the world's hops.
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