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22-03-2011, 12:00
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Sugar has been a standard ingredient in British beer for more than 150 years. Ever since its use was allowed in 1847, it's been used as a source of fermentable material, to colour, to prime and to flavour beer. Like everything else, sugar was in short supply in WW II. A bad harvest in the West Indies didn't help.



https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-_8rVbmtYQMw/TYMUzVNasBI/AAAAAAAAH0Y/SOewj_Q6xx0/s320/Warwicks_Strong_Ale_1952.jpg (https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-_8rVbmtYQMw/TYMUzVNasBI/AAAAAAAAH0Y/SOewj_Q6xx0/s1600/Warwicks_Strong_Ale_1952.jpg)
SUGAR.

During the month under review no change in sugar values has been made, nor does the market position show any alteration. Deliveries are very satisfactory. The Ministry of Food has announced that, owing to a partial failure of the sugar crop in the British West Indies and to the necessity of conserving currency resources, it has become necessary to make a reduction in the sugar ration until further notice. The domestic ration was reduced on May 27th. From July 1st the allocations of sugar for manufacturing uses will also have to be reduced, but no alteration will be made in the allocation to any industry now receiving 40 per cent, of basic usage or less. In the early days of the war steps were taken to secure the fullest available supplies of raw sugar from the Dominions and Colonies, and the position would have been satisfactory but for the failure of the West Indies crop. It has only now been possible to measure the extent of the damage to this crop and of its effect on the sugar supply position. Arrangements have been completed for the purchase of the entire exports of the coming season's sugar crops of Australia, the Union of South Africa, Mauritius, Fiji, and the British West Indian Colonies. The total quantity involved is about one and three-quarter million tons, of which the United Kingdom proportion is about one and a quarter million tons. Arrivals of this sugar in the United Kingdom will be spread over a long period.
"The Brewers' Journal 1940" page 495. (Published June 19th, 1940.)
Contextualisation. That's what I'm all about. 1.25 million tons of sugar for the UK. Wonder how much of that was used in brewing? Of course you do. And what better way to convey the information than a nice table.


Brewing materials (tons)
year
malt
unmalted corn
rice, maize, etc
sugar
total malt & adjuncts
bulk barrels


1938


468,944


710


34,404


94,739


598,797


24,339,360


1939


494,240


496


36,739


99,324


630,798


25,691,217


1940


492,892


396


18,179


76,639


588,106


24,925,704


1941


549,421


595


12,338


69,882


632,235


28,170,582


1942


545,905


2,632


19,110


70,571


638,219


29,584,656


1943


514,366


2,030


61,909


70,029


648,334


29,811,321


1944


531,058


7,159


62,056


72,932


673,206


31,380,684


1945


521,761


12,288


66,602


89,203


689,853


31,990,334


1946


498,850


6,888


56,637


89,501


651,876


31,066,950
Source:
1955 Brewers'Almanack, page 62


Around 70,000 tons of sugar were used in brewing in 1940 and 1941. That was about 25% less than in 1939. And about 5 or 6% of all that sugar coming in from the West Indies, Africa and the Pacific. Not that big a proportion, really. Then again, there were all those cakes, biscuits and cups of tea that needed sugar.

The average amount of sugar in beer fell, too. From around 15% pre-war to 10 or 11%. What the hell. Here's another table showing that:

Brewing materials (%age)
year
malt
unmalted corn
rice, maize, etc
sugar
total malt & adjuncts
1938


78.31%


0.12%


5.75%


15.82%


11,975,941
1939


78.35%


0.08%


5.82%


15.75%


12,615,962
1940


83.81%


0.07%


3.09%


13.03%


11,762,114
1941


86.90%


0.09%


1.95%


11.05%


12,644,709
1942


85.54%


0.41%


2.99%


11.06%


12,764,377
1943


79.34%


0.31%


9.55%


10.80%


12,966,670
1944


78.88%


1.06%


9.22%


10.83%


13,464,119
1945


75.63%


1.78%


9.65%


12.93%


13,797,059
1946


76.53%


1.06%


8.69%


13.73%


13,037,517
Source:
my calculation from figures in 1955 Brewers'Almanack, page 62
Notes:
assumes a quarter = 336 lbs


I'm all worn out now. All that tabling and stuff. What I need is a nice cup of tea. Loaded with sugar.https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5445569787371915337-2583161757302848367?l=barclayperkins.blogspot.com


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