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29-04-2022, 07:06
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https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU6Is084HoYd8GcbqT-8ortC5dupRM1p1V0I9xr3TuDQlOMCH40RbaH7C84djjAjuDO3R oPVfaaoiGi61-nvIeQYdBObAgM0JoPFdWvtYf7yCbGaPll1uO2F9pYQF799ZT2a 1qA84LFb-A58tfgUd4WulmIIOpaALC5eS06_rY0haVrEivtcfmSFkS/w315-h400/Richard_Clarke_Jaguar_BB_Pale_Ale.jpg (https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU6Is084HoYd8GcbqT-8ortC5dupRM1p1V0I9xr3TuDQlOMCH40RbaH7C84djjAjuDO3R oPVfaaoiGi61-nvIeQYdBObAgM0JoPFdWvtYf7yCbGaPll1uO2F9pYQF799ZT2a 1qA84LFb-A58tfgUd4WulmIIOpaALC5eS06_rY0haVrEivtcfmSFkS/s578/Richard_Clarke_Jaguar_BB_Pale_Ale.jpg)
Yesterday was dead productive. I did quite a bit of the hard slog type of research. Scanning and OCRing tables in The Brewers' Almanack. I can think of more fun things to do. But I've filled in a lot of holes in various spreadsheets of mine.
I also got some writing done. Well, I'd started writing, then realised I was missing some information. Hence the scanning. I do hate incomplete information. Which is why I have to apologise for the patchy import figures in the table below.
The start of the 20th century was a difficult time for brewers. Their costs increased significantly due to tax increases and, more particularly, licence fees. You can see these obstacles reflected in the reduced number of barrels brewed. At least in terms of standard barrels. I’d best explain what a standard barrel is.
A standard barrel was a convenience for taxation purposes. The rate of tax was defined per standard barrel. (That rate was six shillings and three pence in 1881, seven shillings and nine pence in 1914. ) It was defined as 36 imperial gallons of beer with an OG of 1055º (1057º before 1889). For example, beer of 1100º would pay double the rate per standard barrel. As one barrel of that strength would be two standard barrels.
Before WW I, standard barrels matched up fairly closely with bulk barrels, as average OG was only a couple of degrees lower. The situation would be very different after the war.
The general trend of exports was to increase, the 1914 figure being more than 50% higher than that of 1880. Though, at less than 2% of total production, exports weren’t that important to the industry, in general. A few individual brewers were, for example, some in Scotland, heavily relying on them.
Imports increased more than sixfold. From totally insignificant to bugger all. It was pretty much 100% Lager. Everything else could be brewed to an excellent standard domestically, Why would you import a Pale Ale or a Stout into the UK?
UK beer production, imports and exports 1880 - 1914
Year
Production (standard barrels)
Exports (bulk barrels to 1907 then standard)
Imports (bulk barrels)
1880
30,742,649
412,192
10,742
1881
27,352,361
421,651
1882
27,870,526
437,273
1883
27,140,891
456,109
1884
27,750,091
437,241
1885
27,986,493
436,765
23,348
1886
27,194,893
420,290
1889
30,402,298
495,926
1890
30,868,315
503,221
35,081
1891
32,236,970
462,519
33,728
1895
31,678,486
432,742
44,399
1896
33,826,354
462,960
45,000
1897
34,203,049
470,827
45,752
1898
35,632,629
476,424
1899
36,498,390
485,032
1900
37,091,123
510,843
50,875
1901
36,394,827
522,889
1903
35,978,699
510,896
55,560
1904
35,323,350
518,367
52,059
1905
34,404,287
520,990
51,944
1906
34,109,263
544,014
54,664
1907
34,352,313
604,794
57,574
1908
34,491,415
602,227
53,395
1909
33,348,258
542,084
54,374
1910
32,947,252
570,929
50,927
1911
33,618,935
615,174
53,541
1912
35,094,650
637,301
64,706
1913
34,805,291
659,464
64,346
1914
35,860,291
652,063
74,205
Sources:
Brewers' Almanack 1912, page 149 and 154.
Brewers' Almanack 1922, page 109 and 114.
Brewers' Almanack 1928, page 109 and 115.
The Brewers' Guardian 1892, 1892, page 41.
Manchester Evening News - Thursday 28 November 1901, page 3.
The British Brewing Industry 1830 - 1980 by T.R. Gourvish and R.G. Wilson, 1994, page 608.
Dundee Evening Post - Monday 01 April 1901, page 2.
Brewers' Almanack 1955, p. 51.
More... (http://barclayperkins.blogspot.com/2022/04/uk-brewing-1880-1914.html)
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU6Is084HoYd8GcbqT-8ortC5dupRM1p1V0I9xr3TuDQlOMCH40RbaH7C84djjAjuDO3R oPVfaaoiGi61-nvIeQYdBObAgM0JoPFdWvtYf7yCbGaPll1uO2F9pYQF799ZT2a 1qA84LFb-A58tfgUd4WulmIIOpaALC5eS06_rY0haVrEivtcfmSFkS/w315-h400/Richard_Clarke_Jaguar_BB_Pale_Ale.jpg (https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU6Is084HoYd8GcbqT-8ortC5dupRM1p1V0I9xr3TuDQlOMCH40RbaH7C84djjAjuDO3R oPVfaaoiGi61-nvIeQYdBObAgM0JoPFdWvtYf7yCbGaPll1uO2F9pYQF799ZT2a 1qA84LFb-A58tfgUd4WulmIIOpaALC5eS06_rY0haVrEivtcfmSFkS/s578/Richard_Clarke_Jaguar_BB_Pale_Ale.jpg)
Yesterday was dead productive. I did quite a bit of the hard slog type of research. Scanning and OCRing tables in The Brewers' Almanack. I can think of more fun things to do. But I've filled in a lot of holes in various spreadsheets of mine.
I also got some writing done. Well, I'd started writing, then realised I was missing some information. Hence the scanning. I do hate incomplete information. Which is why I have to apologise for the patchy import figures in the table below.
The start of the 20th century was a difficult time for brewers. Their costs increased significantly due to tax increases and, more particularly, licence fees. You can see these obstacles reflected in the reduced number of barrels brewed. At least in terms of standard barrels. I’d best explain what a standard barrel is.
A standard barrel was a convenience for taxation purposes. The rate of tax was defined per standard barrel. (That rate was six shillings and three pence in 1881, seven shillings and nine pence in 1914. ) It was defined as 36 imperial gallons of beer with an OG of 1055º (1057º before 1889). For example, beer of 1100º would pay double the rate per standard barrel. As one barrel of that strength would be two standard barrels.
Before WW I, standard barrels matched up fairly closely with bulk barrels, as average OG was only a couple of degrees lower. The situation would be very different after the war.
The general trend of exports was to increase, the 1914 figure being more than 50% higher than that of 1880. Though, at less than 2% of total production, exports weren’t that important to the industry, in general. A few individual brewers were, for example, some in Scotland, heavily relying on them.
Imports increased more than sixfold. From totally insignificant to bugger all. It was pretty much 100% Lager. Everything else could be brewed to an excellent standard domestically, Why would you import a Pale Ale or a Stout into the UK?
UK beer production, imports and exports 1880 - 1914
Year
Production (standard barrels)
Exports (bulk barrels to 1907 then standard)
Imports (bulk barrels)
1880
30,742,649
412,192
10,742
1881
27,352,361
421,651
1882
27,870,526
437,273
1883
27,140,891
456,109
1884
27,750,091
437,241
1885
27,986,493
436,765
23,348
1886
27,194,893
420,290
1889
30,402,298
495,926
1890
30,868,315
503,221
35,081
1891
32,236,970
462,519
33,728
1895
31,678,486
432,742
44,399
1896
33,826,354
462,960
45,000
1897
34,203,049
470,827
45,752
1898
35,632,629
476,424
1899
36,498,390
485,032
1900
37,091,123
510,843
50,875
1901
36,394,827
522,889
1903
35,978,699
510,896
55,560
1904
35,323,350
518,367
52,059
1905
34,404,287
520,990
51,944
1906
34,109,263
544,014
54,664
1907
34,352,313
604,794
57,574
1908
34,491,415
602,227
53,395
1909
33,348,258
542,084
54,374
1910
32,947,252
570,929
50,927
1911
33,618,935
615,174
53,541
1912
35,094,650
637,301
64,706
1913
34,805,291
659,464
64,346
1914
35,860,291
652,063
74,205
Sources:
Brewers' Almanack 1912, page 149 and 154.
Brewers' Almanack 1922, page 109 and 114.
Brewers' Almanack 1928, page 109 and 115.
The Brewers' Guardian 1892, 1892, page 41.
Manchester Evening News - Thursday 28 November 1901, page 3.
The British Brewing Industry 1830 - 1980 by T.R. Gourvish and R.G. Wilson, 1994, page 608.
Dundee Evening Post - Monday 01 April 1901, page 2.
Brewers' Almanack 1955, p. 51.
More... (http://barclayperkins.blogspot.com/2022/04/uk-brewing-1880-1914.html)