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04-07-2021, 07:53
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Carrying on with my IPA theme, I've some from a little later, namely the 1840s. These are the earliest analyses I have. Not quite the earliest hard data I have, as there are a couple of brewing records from the 1830s. Ones which I used to think came from Reid, one of the original big London Porter brewers, but which I now realise3 are miscatalogued in the archive. My best guess is that they come from Combe.
The great thing about the first set is that it gives the intended destination. So I know for certain that they were India-bound. The gravities are, for the 1840s, pretty modest. To put them into context, In 1844 Whitbread X Ale, their weakest Mild, had an OG of around 1075º. XXX, the strongest Mild, was 1099º. Making the IPAs, which are as low as 1054º look pretty weedy.
Referring back to my last post, where I was comparing the price of Porter and IPA, in 1849, Barclay Perkins India Porter had an OG of 1064º. Higher than the average of the IPAs sent to India.
What does stand out in the IPAs is the very high degree of attenuation, averaging over 85%. Which is extremely high for the period. Few beers managed more than 75%. It's no accident. The lack of fermentable material was one of the protections beer bound for India had. As Stock Ales, they underwent a Brettanomyces secondary fermentation before getting on the boat. That left almost nothing for any nasty bugs to eat.
IPA exported to India in the 1840s
When brewed
Package
Price/hogshead (in shillings)
OG
FG
ABV
App. Atten-uation
Jan 1844
Bottle
90
1067.6
1007.8
7.6
88.54%
Not known.
Cask
90
1066.3
1008.0
7.4
87.93%
Not known.
Cask
84
1062.0
1010.0
6.6
83.86%
1844
Bottle
60
1053.8
1006.5
6
87.91%
1844
Bottle
60
1053.8
1005.0
6.2
90.71%
Not known.
Bottle
60
1054.2
1013.0
5.2
76.00%
Not known.
Bottle
90
1065.6
1012.0
6.8
81.69%
Not known.
Bottle
95
1067.1
1007.3
7.6
89.20%
Feb 1845
Bottle
90
1068.5
1010.5
7.4
84.68%
1844
Bottle
90
1070.1
1010.3
7.6
85.38%
Average
80.9
1062.9
1009.0
6.8
85.59%
Source:
“Scottish Ale Brewer”, by W.H. Roberts, Edinburgh, 1847, pages 171 and 173
The second general export set has an even lower average OG, at a shade under 1060º, but an even higher degree of attenuation at almost 90%. Though the average ABV is identical at 6.8%.
IPA exported in the 1840s
When brewed
Package
Price/hogshead (in shillings)
OG
FG
ABV
App. Atten-uation
Dec. 1844
Cask
84
1060.4
1005.3
7
91.30%
Not known.
Cask
95
1069.4
1008.0
7.8
88.48%
1845
Cask
90
1062.7
1012.3
6.4
80.45%
1845
Cask
90
1064.2
1012.3
6.6
80.93%
1845
Cask
90
1062.4
1012.0
6.4
80.77%
Not known.
Bottle
90
1068.9
1007.5
7.8
89.12%
Jan 1846
Cask
90
1054.8
1006.0
6.2
89.06%
Mar 1846
Bottle
90
1052.3
1005.0
6
90.43%
Jan 1846
Bottle
65
1062.0
1005.3
7.2
91.53%
April 1845
Bottle
60
1048.4
1004.3
5.6
91.21%
1845
Cask
60
1048.4
1004.3
5.6
91.21%
1845
Cask
63
1049.6
1005.5
5.6
88.91%
Not known.
Bottle
81
1061.3
1003.0
7.4
95.10%
Not known.
Bottle
81
1058.4
1003.3
7
94.43%
April 1845
Bottle
81
1058.9
1003.8
7
93.63%
April 1845
Bottle
63
1055.2
1003.3
6.6
94.11%
Not known.
Bottle
66
1054.4
1004.0
6.4
92.65%
1845
Cask
90
1068.9
1007.5
7.8
89.12%
1844
Bottle
90
1067.3
1009.0
7.4
86.62%
1845
Cask
90
1069.2
1007.8
7.8
88.80%
Average
80.5
1059.8
1006.5
6.8
89.39%
Source:
“Scottish Ale Brewer”, by W.H. Roberts, Edinburgh, 1847, pages 171 and 173
More... (http://barclayperkins.blogspot.com/2021/07/earlyish-ipa.html)
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YycxWzpPuh8/YN9HKiFBBnI/AAAAAAAAjXA/ho7Jn54mCGYcQOQ19f-DK88jMgKrPuDSACLcBGAsYHQ/s320/Younger_India_Pale_Ale_2.JPG (https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YycxWzpPuh8/YN9HKiFBBnI/AAAAAAAAjXA/ho7Jn54mCGYcQOQ19f-DK88jMgKrPuDSACLcBGAsYHQ/s368/Younger_India_Pale_Ale_2.JPG)
Carrying on with my IPA theme, I've some from a little later, namely the 1840s. These are the earliest analyses I have. Not quite the earliest hard data I have, as there are a couple of brewing records from the 1830s. Ones which I used to think came from Reid, one of the original big London Porter brewers, but which I now realise3 are miscatalogued in the archive. My best guess is that they come from Combe.
The great thing about the first set is that it gives the intended destination. So I know for certain that they were India-bound. The gravities are, for the 1840s, pretty modest. To put them into context, In 1844 Whitbread X Ale, their weakest Mild, had an OG of around 1075º. XXX, the strongest Mild, was 1099º. Making the IPAs, which are as low as 1054º look pretty weedy.
Referring back to my last post, where I was comparing the price of Porter and IPA, in 1849, Barclay Perkins India Porter had an OG of 1064º. Higher than the average of the IPAs sent to India.
What does stand out in the IPAs is the very high degree of attenuation, averaging over 85%. Which is extremely high for the period. Few beers managed more than 75%. It's no accident. The lack of fermentable material was one of the protections beer bound for India had. As Stock Ales, they underwent a Brettanomyces secondary fermentation before getting on the boat. That left almost nothing for any nasty bugs to eat.
IPA exported to India in the 1840s
When brewed
Package
Price/hogshead (in shillings)
OG
FG
ABV
App. Atten-uation
Jan 1844
Bottle
90
1067.6
1007.8
7.6
88.54%
Not known.
Cask
90
1066.3
1008.0
7.4
87.93%
Not known.
Cask
84
1062.0
1010.0
6.6
83.86%
1844
Bottle
60
1053.8
1006.5
6
87.91%
1844
Bottle
60
1053.8
1005.0
6.2
90.71%
Not known.
Bottle
60
1054.2
1013.0
5.2
76.00%
Not known.
Bottle
90
1065.6
1012.0
6.8
81.69%
Not known.
Bottle
95
1067.1
1007.3
7.6
89.20%
Feb 1845
Bottle
90
1068.5
1010.5
7.4
84.68%
1844
Bottle
90
1070.1
1010.3
7.6
85.38%
Average
80.9
1062.9
1009.0
6.8
85.59%
Source:
“Scottish Ale Brewer”, by W.H. Roberts, Edinburgh, 1847, pages 171 and 173
The second general export set has an even lower average OG, at a shade under 1060º, but an even higher degree of attenuation at almost 90%. Though the average ABV is identical at 6.8%.
IPA exported in the 1840s
When brewed
Package
Price/hogshead (in shillings)
OG
FG
ABV
App. Atten-uation
Dec. 1844
Cask
84
1060.4
1005.3
7
91.30%
Not known.
Cask
95
1069.4
1008.0
7.8
88.48%
1845
Cask
90
1062.7
1012.3
6.4
80.45%
1845
Cask
90
1064.2
1012.3
6.6
80.93%
1845
Cask
90
1062.4
1012.0
6.4
80.77%
Not known.
Bottle
90
1068.9
1007.5
7.8
89.12%
Jan 1846
Cask
90
1054.8
1006.0
6.2
89.06%
Mar 1846
Bottle
90
1052.3
1005.0
6
90.43%
Jan 1846
Bottle
65
1062.0
1005.3
7.2
91.53%
April 1845
Bottle
60
1048.4
1004.3
5.6
91.21%
1845
Cask
60
1048.4
1004.3
5.6
91.21%
1845
Cask
63
1049.6
1005.5
5.6
88.91%
Not known.
Bottle
81
1061.3
1003.0
7.4
95.10%
Not known.
Bottle
81
1058.4
1003.3
7
94.43%
April 1845
Bottle
81
1058.9
1003.8
7
93.63%
April 1845
Bottle
63
1055.2
1003.3
6.6
94.11%
Not known.
Bottle
66
1054.4
1004.0
6.4
92.65%
1845
Cask
90
1068.9
1007.5
7.8
89.12%
1844
Bottle
90
1067.3
1009.0
7.4
86.62%
1845
Cask
90
1069.2
1007.8
7.8
88.80%
Average
80.5
1059.8
1006.5
6.8
89.39%
Source:
“Scottish Ale Brewer”, by W.H. Roberts, Edinburgh, 1847, pages 171 and 173
More... (http://barclayperkins.blogspot.com/2021/07/earlyish-ipa.html)