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20-11-2020, 07:10
Visit the Shut up about Barclay Perkins site (http://barclayperkins.blogspot.com/2020/11/raw-material-costs-in-ww-ii.html)
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There was a big increase in the price of both malt and hops, unsurprisingly, over the course of the war. If Barclay Perkins is typical, this had the effect of raising the percentage of the cost of raw materials relative to the retail price.
In 1939, before the war began, the cost of the malt, adjunct and sugar used in the brewing of XX came to just over 7% of the retail price. Especially considering that the tax paid was slightly over 2d per pint. Or around a third of the 6d public bar price.
The “XX share” column is there because the brew was a parti-gyle with X, Barclay Perkins Ordinary Mild. There was rather more of that brewed than XX, hence the latter’s share is only around a third of the total.
The situation was very different in 1945. The share of raw materials had more than doubled to just over 15%. While the tax paid had leapt to 7.5d per pint – almost two-thirds of the price public bar punters paid. Ever since, a huge percentage of the retail price of beer in the UK has been made up of tax. Whereas before WW I tax, was only around 10% of the price. Those lucky Edwardians.
21st June 1939 Barclay Perkins XX
malt.hops
qtrs/cwts
price
total
XX share
amber malt
4
51.5
206
79.96
crystal malt
6
46.5
279
108.30
Californian pale malt
19
47
893
346.63
Hama pale malt
10
42.5
425
164.97
mild malt
33
50
1650
640.47
SA malt
17
49
833
323.34
maize
17
36
612
237.55
No. 3 invert sugar
15
42
630
244.54
MK Fuggles 1938
2.36
196
462
179.33
MK Fuggles 1938
2.32
197
457.32
177.51
MK Fuggles 1937
2.38
181
431.49
167.49
total
6878.81
2670.09
OG
1044.8
barrels brewed
260.25
cost per pint
0.43
retail price per pint (d)
6
% raw materials
7.12%
Source:
Barclay Perkins brewing record held at the London Metropolitan Archives, document number ACC/2305/01/623.
13th July 1945 Barclay Perkins XX
malt.hops
qtrs/cwts
price
total
XX share
amber malt
4
161
644
315.64
crystal malt
6
146
876
429.35
SA malt
17
142
2414
1183.15
mild malt
33
142
4686
2296.71
PA malt
17
152
2584
1266.47
flaked barley
17
110
1870
916.53
No. 3 invert sugar
15
99
1485
727.83
MK Fuggles 1943
0.61
385
233.75
114.57
MK Fuggles 1943
0.78
385
299.06
146.58
MK Fuggles 1941
0.78
333
258.67
126.78
total
15350.48
7523.61
OG
1035.4
barrels brewed
172.75
cost per pint
1.81
retail price per pint (d)
12
% raw materials
15.12%
Source:
Barclay Perkins Circular Letters held at the London Metropolitan Archives, document number ACC/2305/01/521/1.
More... (http://barclayperkins.blogspot.com/2020/11/raw-material-costs-in-ww-ii.html)
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There was a big increase in the price of both malt and hops, unsurprisingly, over the course of the war. If Barclay Perkins is typical, this had the effect of raising the percentage of the cost of raw materials relative to the retail price.
In 1939, before the war began, the cost of the malt, adjunct and sugar used in the brewing of XX came to just over 7% of the retail price. Especially considering that the tax paid was slightly over 2d per pint. Or around a third of the 6d public bar price.
The “XX share” column is there because the brew was a parti-gyle with X, Barclay Perkins Ordinary Mild. There was rather more of that brewed than XX, hence the latter’s share is only around a third of the total.
The situation was very different in 1945. The share of raw materials had more than doubled to just over 15%. While the tax paid had leapt to 7.5d per pint – almost two-thirds of the price public bar punters paid. Ever since, a huge percentage of the retail price of beer in the UK has been made up of tax. Whereas before WW I tax, was only around 10% of the price. Those lucky Edwardians.
21st June 1939 Barclay Perkins XX
malt.hops
qtrs/cwts
price
total
XX share
amber malt
4
51.5
206
79.96
crystal malt
6
46.5
279
108.30
Californian pale malt
19
47
893
346.63
Hama pale malt
10
42.5
425
164.97
mild malt
33
50
1650
640.47
SA malt
17
49
833
323.34
maize
17
36
612
237.55
No. 3 invert sugar
15
42
630
244.54
MK Fuggles 1938
2.36
196
462
179.33
MK Fuggles 1938
2.32
197
457.32
177.51
MK Fuggles 1937
2.38
181
431.49
167.49
total
6878.81
2670.09
OG
1044.8
barrels brewed
260.25
cost per pint
0.43
retail price per pint (d)
6
% raw materials
7.12%
Source:
Barclay Perkins brewing record held at the London Metropolitan Archives, document number ACC/2305/01/623.
13th July 1945 Barclay Perkins XX
malt.hops
qtrs/cwts
price
total
XX share
amber malt
4
161
644
315.64
crystal malt
6
146
876
429.35
SA malt
17
142
2414
1183.15
mild malt
33
142
4686
2296.71
PA malt
17
152
2584
1266.47
flaked barley
17
110
1870
916.53
No. 3 invert sugar
15
99
1485
727.83
MK Fuggles 1943
0.61
385
233.75
114.57
MK Fuggles 1943
0.78
385
299.06
146.58
MK Fuggles 1941
0.78
333
258.67
126.78
total
15350.48
7523.61
OG
1035.4
barrels brewed
172.75
cost per pint
1.81
retail price per pint (d)
12
% raw materials
15.12%
Source:
Barclay Perkins Circular Letters held at the London Metropolitan Archives, document number ACC/2305/01/521/1.
More... (http://barclayperkins.blogspot.com/2020/11/raw-material-costs-in-ww-ii.html)