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15-10-2014, 07:13
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I'm back with analyses from "Chemie der menschlichen Nahrungs- und Genussmittel" by Joseph König. Sorry about the delay. There's a good reason.
I've been out in the internet fields harvesting modern beer details. Lots of them. Because I want to make some comparisons between 19th-century and 21st-century Lagers. And because I enjoy collecting data. It's addictive. I'm building up an impressive set. Which I'm sure we'll have loads of fun with in future.
There's a decent set of beers from Kulmbach and nearby Kitzingen in "Chemie der menschlichen Nahrungs- und Genussmittel". Enough to handle them separately.
I'll start with a note on colour. Some are specified as being Helles or Dunkles, but most aren't. However, it being Kulmbach, I'd assume most were dark. Kulmbacher was one of the early Lager styles which was imitated abroad (one of Heineken's early Lagers was a Kulmbacher). From what I can gather, it was darker and bitterer than Münchner.
Let's take a look at the 19th-century samples first.
Kulmbach area Export 1878 - 1893
Year
Brewer
Town
Beer
Style
OG
FG
OG Plato
ABV
App. Atten-uation
lactic acid %
CO2 %
1878
Puszta
Kulmbach
Export Hell
Helles Export
1049.9
1015.3
12.40
4.49
69.34%
0.170
0.227
1878
Gebr. Christ
Kulmbach
Export Hell
Helles Export
1050.4
1015.1
12.52
4.58
70.04%
0.180
0.232
1884
Unknown
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1052.6
1020.2
13.04
4.19
61.60%
0.120
0.130
1878
Puszta
Kulmbach
Export Dunkel
Dunkles Export
1053.2
1018.2
13.18
4.53
65.79%
0.130
0.201
1884
Aktien-Export-Brauhaus
Kulmbach
helles Export
Export Helles
1053.6
1013.3
13.27
5.24
75.19%
0.132
0.140
1879
Kulmbacher Aktien-Br.
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1054.5
1017.4
13.49
4.80
68.07%
0.198
1885
Ehemann
Kitzingen
Export
Export
1056.3
1017.0
13.91
5.10
69.80%
0.210
1878
Export-Brauhaus
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1059.0
1016.0
14.54
5.59
72.88%
0.302
1893
Aktien-Export-Brauerei
Kulmbach
Monopol-Kulmbacher
Export
1059.2
1013.1
14.59
6.01
77.87%
0.203
1884
Unknown
Kulmbach
dunkeles Export
Export Dunkles
1061.9
1024.0
15.22
4.90
61.23%
0.153
1893
Aktien-Export-Brauerei
Kulmbach
helles Exportbier
Export Helles
1062.5
1014.1
15.35
6.31
77.44%
0.150
1891
Aktien-Brauerei
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1062.7
1015.5
15.40
6.15
75.28%
1879
Export-Brauhaus
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1062.8
1019.3
15.41
5.64
69.24%
0.200
1891
Aktien-Brauerei Streitberg
Streitberg
"Löwenbier" (nach Art des Münchener Exportbieres)
Export Dunkles
1064.2
1013.5
15.75
6.63
78.97%
1879
Ehemann
Kitzingen
Export
Export
1064.4
1017.5
15.79
6.10
72.83%
0.230
1879
Sandler
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1064.9
1018.2
15.91
6.08
71.96%
0.230
1879
Rizzi
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1065.5
1013.2
16.05
6.84
79.85%
0.270
1891
Unknown
Kulmbach
dunkeles Exportbier
Export Dunkles
1065.7
1027.9
16.09
4.88
57.53%
0.137
1879
Pätz
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1067.5
1021.4
16.50
5.98
68.27%
0.260
1884
Aktien-Export-Brauhaus
Kulmbach
dunkeles Export
Export Dunkles
1067.6
1025.9
16.53
5.39
61.69%
0.180
0.189
1891
Unknown
Kulmbach
dunkeles Exportbier
Export Dunkles
1067.6
1023.0
16.53
5.78
65.98%
0.142
1891
Aktien-Brauerei
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1068.6
1026.2
16.76
5.48
61.81%
1879
Eberlein
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1070.5
1024.0
17.20
6.03
65.96%
0.280
1878
Aktien-Brauerei
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1072.9
1022.0
17.75
6.61
69.82%
0.300
1878
Unknown
Kitzingen
Export
Export
1074.4
1025.0
18.09
6.41
66.40%
1893
Aktien-Export-Brauerei
Kulmbach
dunkeles Exportbier
Export Dunkles
1076.9
1025.8
18.65
6.63
66.45%
Average
1062.7
1019.3
15.38
5.63
69.28%
0.188
0.213
Source:
Chemie der menschlichen Nahrungs- und Genussmittel by Joseph König, 1903, pages 1102 - 1156
There'a a big spread of gravities. The weakest would only just about count as Export today. While the strongest are at Doppelbock level. Mmmm... not sure I can make any sense out of that.
Attenuation isn't as bad as it could have been. With a couple of examples even pushing 80%. The samples identified as Dunkles have a worse than average attenuation - 65.38%. Interesting, but I'm not sure how significant as I don't know how many of the others were also dark.
The lactic acid level is high again. I can't believe any modern Lager would be over 0.05% acidity. I've still not ween enough CO2 measurements to say anything sensible about them. Maybe I should start studying up on carbonation levels. What I can see is considerable variation, from 0.13% to 0.30%.
Now the modern Lagers. Again, they're from Kulmbach and environs.
Kulmbach area beers in 2014
Year
Brewer
Town
Beer
Style
OG
FG
OG Plato
ABV
App. Atten-uation
bitterness
2014
Brauerei Reblitz
Bad Staffelstein
Reblitz-Räucherl
Rauchbier
1049.1
1012.1
12.2
4.80
75.33%
2014
Arnsteiner Brauerei
Seinsheim
Landbier
Export
1049.5
1009.6
12.3
5.20
80.70%
2014
Distelhäuser
Tauberbischofsheim
Kellerbier
Kellerbier
1049.5
1010.3
12.3
5.10
79.18%
25
2014
Kulmbacher Brauerei
Kulmbach
Mönchshof Naturtrübes Kellerbier
Kellerbier
1049.9
1008.5
12.4
5.40
82.96%
2014
Privatbrauerei Kesselring
Marktsteft
Urfränkisches Landbier
Landbier
1049.9
1009.2
12.4
5.30
81.56%
2014
Göller
Zeil am Main
Dunkel
Dunkles
1050.3
1010.4
12.5
5.20
79.43%
2014
Privatbrauerei Gessner
Sonneberg
Alt-Sumbarcher Dunkel
Dunkles
1050.3
1010.4
12.5
5.20
79.33%
2014
Privatbrauerei Kesselring
Marktsteft
Urtyp Export
Export
1050.3
1009.7
12.5
5.30
80.82%
2014
Distelhäuser
Tauberbischofsheim
Landbier
Export
1050.3
1011.1
12.5
5.10
77.94%
22
2014
Distelhäuser
Tauberbischofsheim
Export
Export
1050.3
1010.4
12.5
5.20
79.33%
22-23
2014
Kulmbacher Brauerei
Kulmbach
Kulmbacher Export
Export
1050.3
1008.9
12.5
5.40
82.31%
2014
Kulmbacher Brauerei
Kulmbach
Mönchshof Landbier
Landbier
1050.3
1008.9
12.5
5.40
82.31%
2014
Brauhaus Leikeim
Altenkunstadt
Landbier
Landbier
1050.3
1008.9
12.5
5.40
82.31%
2014
Göller
Zeil am Main
Kaiser Heinrich Urstoff
Spezial
1050.3
1010.4
12.5
5.20
79.43%
2014
Kulmbacher Brauerei
Kulmbach
EKU Export
Export
1050.7
1009.4
12.6
5.40
81.57%
2014
Püls-bräu
Stadtsteinach
Weismainer 1798er Kellertrunk
Kellerbier
1051.2
1011.2
12.7
5.20
78.11%
2014
Seinsheimer Kellerbräu
Seinsheim
Kellerbier
Kellerbier Dunkel
1051.2
1013.4
12.7
4.90
73.81%
2014
Seinsheimer Kellerbräu
Seinsheim
Rauchbier
Rauchbier
1051.2
1013.4
12.7
4.90
73.81%
2014
Kulmbacher Brauerei
Kulmbach
Tradition
Dunkles
1051.6
1011.6
12.8
5.20
77.51%
24
2014
Göller
Zeil am Main
Rauchbier
Rauchbier
1053.7
1010.8
13.3
5.60
79.98%
2014
Braugasthof Grosch
Rödental
Grosch Fuhrmannstrunk
Dunkles
1054.1
1011.9
13.4
5.50
78.02%
2014
Distelhäuser
Tauberbischofsheim
Spezial
Spezial
1054.6
1013.8
13.5
5.30
74.71%
26
Average
1050.9
1010.6
12.6
5.2
79.11%
24.3
Source:
Relevant brewery websites
You can see not many are actually called Export. There's Dunkles, Landbier, Spezial, Rauchbier and Kellerbier in there. The ones called export cover a very narrow gravity range, from 12.5 to 12.6º Plato. Basicaly I've put together a set of beers stronger than Helles or Pils, but weaker than Märzen. That's not so unreasonable, is it?
As you'd expect, the attenuation is better than in the 19th-century samples, around 10 points higher at 79%. There's not one under 70%.
There's a fair mix of different-sized breweries represented. Kulmbacher being pretty big - 2,259,000 hl in 2013* - Braugasthof Grosch pretty small - 3,000 hl in 2013**.
People take the piss out of British cask beer all being in the range 3.6% to 4.2% ABV. But German Lager isn't any better. That's mostly between 4.8% and 5.4% ABV.
More Exports to come. Obviously.
* Brauerei-Addressbuch 2014/15, page 101.
** Brauerei-Addressbuch 2014/15, page 137.
More... (http://barclayperkins.blogspot.com/2014/10/kulmbach-area-export-1878-1893.html)
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-05-ai_sf2Kc/VDfnmpWw5iI/AAAAAAAAVa8/sLV2d8XwYW4/s1600/EKU_Export_Hell.jpg (http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-05-ai_sf2Kc/VDfnmpWw5iI/AAAAAAAAVa8/sLV2d8XwYW4/s1600/EKU_Export_Hell.jpg)
I'm back with analyses from "Chemie der menschlichen Nahrungs- und Genussmittel" by Joseph König. Sorry about the delay. There's a good reason.
I've been out in the internet fields harvesting modern beer details. Lots of them. Because I want to make some comparisons between 19th-century and 21st-century Lagers. And because I enjoy collecting data. It's addictive. I'm building up an impressive set. Which I'm sure we'll have loads of fun with in future.
There's a decent set of beers from Kulmbach and nearby Kitzingen in "Chemie der menschlichen Nahrungs- und Genussmittel". Enough to handle them separately.
I'll start with a note on colour. Some are specified as being Helles or Dunkles, but most aren't. However, it being Kulmbach, I'd assume most were dark. Kulmbacher was one of the early Lager styles which was imitated abroad (one of Heineken's early Lagers was a Kulmbacher). From what I can gather, it was darker and bitterer than Münchner.
Let's take a look at the 19th-century samples first.
Kulmbach area Export 1878 - 1893
Year
Brewer
Town
Beer
Style
OG
FG
OG Plato
ABV
App. Atten-uation
lactic acid %
CO2 %
1878
Puszta
Kulmbach
Export Hell
Helles Export
1049.9
1015.3
12.40
4.49
69.34%
0.170
0.227
1878
Gebr. Christ
Kulmbach
Export Hell
Helles Export
1050.4
1015.1
12.52
4.58
70.04%
0.180
0.232
1884
Unknown
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1052.6
1020.2
13.04
4.19
61.60%
0.120
0.130
1878
Puszta
Kulmbach
Export Dunkel
Dunkles Export
1053.2
1018.2
13.18
4.53
65.79%
0.130
0.201
1884
Aktien-Export-Brauhaus
Kulmbach
helles Export
Export Helles
1053.6
1013.3
13.27
5.24
75.19%
0.132
0.140
1879
Kulmbacher Aktien-Br.
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1054.5
1017.4
13.49
4.80
68.07%
0.198
1885
Ehemann
Kitzingen
Export
Export
1056.3
1017.0
13.91
5.10
69.80%
0.210
1878
Export-Brauhaus
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1059.0
1016.0
14.54
5.59
72.88%
0.302
1893
Aktien-Export-Brauerei
Kulmbach
Monopol-Kulmbacher
Export
1059.2
1013.1
14.59
6.01
77.87%
0.203
1884
Unknown
Kulmbach
dunkeles Export
Export Dunkles
1061.9
1024.0
15.22
4.90
61.23%
0.153
1893
Aktien-Export-Brauerei
Kulmbach
helles Exportbier
Export Helles
1062.5
1014.1
15.35
6.31
77.44%
0.150
1891
Aktien-Brauerei
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1062.7
1015.5
15.40
6.15
75.28%
1879
Export-Brauhaus
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1062.8
1019.3
15.41
5.64
69.24%
0.200
1891
Aktien-Brauerei Streitberg
Streitberg
"Löwenbier" (nach Art des Münchener Exportbieres)
Export Dunkles
1064.2
1013.5
15.75
6.63
78.97%
1879
Ehemann
Kitzingen
Export
Export
1064.4
1017.5
15.79
6.10
72.83%
0.230
1879
Sandler
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1064.9
1018.2
15.91
6.08
71.96%
0.230
1879
Rizzi
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1065.5
1013.2
16.05
6.84
79.85%
0.270
1891
Unknown
Kulmbach
dunkeles Exportbier
Export Dunkles
1065.7
1027.9
16.09
4.88
57.53%
0.137
1879
Pätz
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1067.5
1021.4
16.50
5.98
68.27%
0.260
1884
Aktien-Export-Brauhaus
Kulmbach
dunkeles Export
Export Dunkles
1067.6
1025.9
16.53
5.39
61.69%
0.180
0.189
1891
Unknown
Kulmbach
dunkeles Exportbier
Export Dunkles
1067.6
1023.0
16.53
5.78
65.98%
0.142
1891
Aktien-Brauerei
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1068.6
1026.2
16.76
5.48
61.81%
1879
Eberlein
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1070.5
1024.0
17.20
6.03
65.96%
0.280
1878
Aktien-Brauerei
Kulmbach
Export
Export
1072.9
1022.0
17.75
6.61
69.82%
0.300
1878
Unknown
Kitzingen
Export
Export
1074.4
1025.0
18.09
6.41
66.40%
1893
Aktien-Export-Brauerei
Kulmbach
dunkeles Exportbier
Export Dunkles
1076.9
1025.8
18.65
6.63
66.45%
Average
1062.7
1019.3
15.38
5.63
69.28%
0.188
0.213
Source:
Chemie der menschlichen Nahrungs- und Genussmittel by Joseph König, 1903, pages 1102 - 1156
There'a a big spread of gravities. The weakest would only just about count as Export today. While the strongest are at Doppelbock level. Mmmm... not sure I can make any sense out of that.
Attenuation isn't as bad as it could have been. With a couple of examples even pushing 80%. The samples identified as Dunkles have a worse than average attenuation - 65.38%. Interesting, but I'm not sure how significant as I don't know how many of the others were also dark.
The lactic acid level is high again. I can't believe any modern Lager would be over 0.05% acidity. I've still not ween enough CO2 measurements to say anything sensible about them. Maybe I should start studying up on carbonation levels. What I can see is considerable variation, from 0.13% to 0.30%.
Now the modern Lagers. Again, they're from Kulmbach and environs.
Kulmbach area beers in 2014
Year
Brewer
Town
Beer
Style
OG
FG
OG Plato
ABV
App. Atten-uation
bitterness
2014
Brauerei Reblitz
Bad Staffelstein
Reblitz-Räucherl
Rauchbier
1049.1
1012.1
12.2
4.80
75.33%
2014
Arnsteiner Brauerei
Seinsheim
Landbier
Export
1049.5
1009.6
12.3
5.20
80.70%
2014
Distelhäuser
Tauberbischofsheim
Kellerbier
Kellerbier
1049.5
1010.3
12.3
5.10
79.18%
25
2014
Kulmbacher Brauerei
Kulmbach
Mönchshof Naturtrübes Kellerbier
Kellerbier
1049.9
1008.5
12.4
5.40
82.96%
2014
Privatbrauerei Kesselring
Marktsteft
Urfränkisches Landbier
Landbier
1049.9
1009.2
12.4
5.30
81.56%
2014
Göller
Zeil am Main
Dunkel
Dunkles
1050.3
1010.4
12.5
5.20
79.43%
2014
Privatbrauerei Gessner
Sonneberg
Alt-Sumbarcher Dunkel
Dunkles
1050.3
1010.4
12.5
5.20
79.33%
2014
Privatbrauerei Kesselring
Marktsteft
Urtyp Export
Export
1050.3
1009.7
12.5
5.30
80.82%
2014
Distelhäuser
Tauberbischofsheim
Landbier
Export
1050.3
1011.1
12.5
5.10
77.94%
22
2014
Distelhäuser
Tauberbischofsheim
Export
Export
1050.3
1010.4
12.5
5.20
79.33%
22-23
2014
Kulmbacher Brauerei
Kulmbach
Kulmbacher Export
Export
1050.3
1008.9
12.5
5.40
82.31%
2014
Kulmbacher Brauerei
Kulmbach
Mönchshof Landbier
Landbier
1050.3
1008.9
12.5
5.40
82.31%
2014
Brauhaus Leikeim
Altenkunstadt
Landbier
Landbier
1050.3
1008.9
12.5
5.40
82.31%
2014
Göller
Zeil am Main
Kaiser Heinrich Urstoff
Spezial
1050.3
1010.4
12.5
5.20
79.43%
2014
Kulmbacher Brauerei
Kulmbach
EKU Export
Export
1050.7
1009.4
12.6
5.40
81.57%
2014
Püls-bräu
Stadtsteinach
Weismainer 1798er Kellertrunk
Kellerbier
1051.2
1011.2
12.7
5.20
78.11%
2014
Seinsheimer Kellerbräu
Seinsheim
Kellerbier
Kellerbier Dunkel
1051.2
1013.4
12.7
4.90
73.81%
2014
Seinsheimer Kellerbräu
Seinsheim
Rauchbier
Rauchbier
1051.2
1013.4
12.7
4.90
73.81%
2014
Kulmbacher Brauerei
Kulmbach
Tradition
Dunkles
1051.6
1011.6
12.8
5.20
77.51%
24
2014
Göller
Zeil am Main
Rauchbier
Rauchbier
1053.7
1010.8
13.3
5.60
79.98%
2014
Braugasthof Grosch
Rödental
Grosch Fuhrmannstrunk
Dunkles
1054.1
1011.9
13.4
5.50
78.02%
2014
Distelhäuser
Tauberbischofsheim
Spezial
Spezial
1054.6
1013.8
13.5
5.30
74.71%
26
Average
1050.9
1010.6
12.6
5.2
79.11%
24.3
Source:
Relevant brewery websites
You can see not many are actually called Export. There's Dunkles, Landbier, Spezial, Rauchbier and Kellerbier in there. The ones called export cover a very narrow gravity range, from 12.5 to 12.6º Plato. Basicaly I've put together a set of beers stronger than Helles or Pils, but weaker than Märzen. That's not so unreasonable, is it?
As you'd expect, the attenuation is better than in the 19th-century samples, around 10 points higher at 79%. There's not one under 70%.
There's a fair mix of different-sized breweries represented. Kulmbacher being pretty big - 2,259,000 hl in 2013* - Braugasthof Grosch pretty small - 3,000 hl in 2013**.
People take the piss out of British cask beer all being in the range 3.6% to 4.2% ABV. But German Lager isn't any better. That's mostly between 4.8% and 5.4% ABV.
More Exports to come. Obviously.
* Brauerei-Addressbuch 2014/15, page 101.
** Brauerei-Addressbuch 2014/15, page 137.
More... (http://barclayperkins.blogspot.com/2014/10/kulmbach-area-export-1878-1893.html)